Printing with indanthrene.



PAUL J EANMAIRE. OF MUHLHAUSEN, AND RENE BOHN, OF MANNHEIM,

Patented October 11, 1904.

PATENT OFFICE.

GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO BADISOHE' ANILIN AND SODA FABRIK, OF LUDVVIGSHAFEN-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY, A CORPORATION OF INDANTHRENE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 772,237, dated October 11, 1904.

Application filed January 16, 1902.

To all whom it nan/y concern.-

Be it known that we,PAUL J EANMAIRE, chemist and manufacturer, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Muhlhausen, Alsace, and RENE BoHN, chemist and doctor of philosophy, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, residing at Mannheim in the Grand Duchy of Baden, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Printingwith Indanthrene, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a process of printing indanthrene, the blue coloring matter which is the subject-matter of United States Letters Patent No. 682,523, dated September 10, 1901, upon vegetable fiber.

Broadly considered, our invention consists of a printing process in which we cause indanthrene and a caustic alkali to act on each other in the presence of vegetable fiber either in the presence or absence of a suitable reducing agent.

' For the purposes of this invention chlor-indanthrene is the equivalent of indanthrene, but brom-indantlnene is not.

In the preferred embodiment of our process we print upon the material to be operated upon a printing-paste containing indanthrene, tin salt, and a thickening agent, then dry the soprinted material and treat it for about one-half minute with a solution of caustic soda containing from thirteen (13) to fourteen and a half (14.5) per cent. of caustic soda (NaOH) and whose temperature is between sixty-five and seventy-five (7 5) degrees centigrade. However, good results can be obtained by employing a printingpaste containing caustic soda, a reducing agent, say tin salt, indanthrene, and a thickening agent, and printing this paste upon the material to be operated upon and steaming it for about five or ten minutes in a Mather-Flatt apparatus; We have also found that indanthrene may be printed in the following manner likewise with good results: Pad the vegetable fiber preferably with a solution of grape-sugar and dry it. Now print upon it a paste containing indanthrene, caustic soda, and a thickening agent. Indanthrene may also be printed upon vegetable Serial No. 90,058. (No specimens.)

fiber if there be employed a printing-paste containing indanthrene and caustic soda. This paste may or may not contain athickening agent. In the latter case some inorganic substance, like kaolin, is employed to give consistence to the printing-paste.

By means of the following examples we will further illustrate the nature of this our 111- vention without, however, limiting the same to the exact proportions and conditions contained in the same. The parts are by weight.

Example 1: Prepare a printing-paste in the usual manner, employing one hundred and five (105) parts of gum senegal, eighty-two (82) parts of wheat-flour, five hundred and thirtythree (533) parts of water, seventy parts of tin salt, one hundred (100) parts of water, and one hundred (100) partsof indanthrene 1n the form of a ten (10) per cent. paste. Print this paste upon the material to be operated upon, dry it, and pass it for about one-half (t) minute through a bath of caustic-soda solution containing about fourteen (14:) per cent. of caustic soda (NaOH) whose temperatureis between sixty-five (65) and seventyfive degrees centigrade. wash, soap, and dry as required. We have found that in order to prevent the bluing of those portions of the fiber which are to be white in the finished print it is well to add five (5) grams of sodium bichromate to every one hundred (100) liters of finished printingpaste. For the tin salt of this recipe may be substituted ferrous sulfate, grape-sugar, sodium hydrosulfite, and similar reducing agents or mixtures of the same. If grape-sugar be employed, we recommend to have the temperature of the caustic-soda bath through which the printed and dried material is passed at about one hundred (100) degrees centigrade. If ferrous sulfate be employed in the prlnting-paste, it is necessary to pass the goods after they leave the caustic-soda bath through a solution of sulfuric acid containing from two (2) to five (5) per cent. of that acid, (HZSOL) However, we recommend that in case ferrous sulfate be employed that there be added to the printing-paste about forty (40) grams of tartaric acid to each liter of printing-paste used, or ferrous tartrate may be employed as such instead of the ferrous sulfate, when the succeeding steps just above given may be omitted.

Example 2: Prepare a printing-paste in the usual manner, employingfifty-six (56) parts of gum-Senegal, sixty (60) parts of dextrine, one hundred and eighty-eight(188) parts of water, five hundred and forty-six (546) parts of caustic-soda solution containing about forty-one (41) per cent. of caustic soda, (NaOH,) fifty parts of tin salt, and one hundred (100) parts of indanthrene in the form of a ten (10) per cent. paste. Print this paste upon the material to be operated upon and steam with moist steam in a Mather-Platt apparatus for from five (5) to ten (10) minutes, wash, soap, and dry as required. The tin salt of this recipe may be substituted by stannous oxid, grape-sugar, a soluble hydrosulfite, such as sodium hydrosulfite, and similar reducing agents.

Example 3: Prepare a printing-paste in the usual manner, employing one hundred and eighty-five (185) parts of dark-roasted starch, one hundred and eighty (180) parts of water, five hundred and thirty-five (535) parts of caustic-soda solution containing forty-one (41) per cent. of caustic soda, (NaOH,) and one hundred (100) parts of indanthrene in the form of a ten (10) per cent. paste. Print this paste upon the material to be operated upon, dry, steam for about one (1) hour without pressure, wash, soap, and dry as required.

Example 4: Prepare a printing-paste in the usual manner, employing four hundred (400) parts of kaolin, five hundred (500) parts of causticsoda solution containing forty-one (41) per cent. of caustic soda, (NaOH,) and one hundred (100) parts of indanthrene in the form of a ten (10) per cent. paste. Print this paste upon the material to be operated upon, dry, steam it for about one (1) hour without pressure, wash, soap, and dry as required.

Example5: Pad the materialto be operated upon with a solution of grape-sugar containing two hundred (200) grams of that substance to each liter of water employed. Dry the sopadded fabric and print upon the same a printing-paste made in the usual manner from the following: one hundred and eighty-five (185) parts of dark-roasted starch, one hundred and eighty (180) parts of Water, five hundred and thirty-five (535) parts of caustic-soda solution I containing forty-one (41) per cent. of caustic for ten(10) minutes without pressure. Wash, soap, and dry as required.

Example 6: Prepare a printing-paste in the usual manner, employing one hundred and eighty-five (185) parts of dark-roasted starch, one hundred and fifty-five (155) parts of water, twenty-five (25) parts of grape-sugar, five hundred and thirty-five (535) parts of causticsoda solution containing forty-one (41) per cent. of caustic soda, (N aOI-L) and one hundred 100) parts of indanthrene in the form of a ten (10) per cent. paste. Print this paste upon the material to be operated upon. Dry and steam for ten (10) minutes without pressure. Wash, soap, and dry as required.

So far as the quality of the resulting print is concerned all the above-described modifications are practical equivalents of each other, and all can be made to yieldpractically equally good results.

Instead of the caustic soda above employed, we may use caustic potash, both of which substances are hereinafter included in the generic term caustic alkali. W e also recommend that the vegetable fiber employed be oiled'in the usual manner before printing.

What we claim is 1. The process of printing vegetable fiber with indanthrene which consists in printing said fiber with indanthrene and then acting upon it with caustic alkali.

2. The process of printing vegetable fiber with indanthrene which consists in printing upon said fiber a mixture containing indanthrene, a reducing agent, and a thickening agent, drying the so-printed material and then passing it through a bath containinga caustic thereon, which, when treated with nitric acid,

witnesses.

PAUL J EANMAIRE. RENE BOHN. Witnesses:

BERNHARD O. HESSE, JAooB ADRIAN. 

